Business report for Jaguar Land Rover Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Business report for Jaguar Land Rover - Essay Example In the current examination, online poll study is chosen to accumulate the information. The examination will diagram vehicle economic situation and position of Jaguar Land Rover. As per specialists, car industry of the UK is holding the top situation as far as trading to various nations. Significant firms have contributed more than  £6 billion in the course of the most recent three years from 2012 to 2014 (Kpmg.com, 2015b). Analysts have contended that car deals confronted the test of money related downturn adequately. Very good quality vehicle producers can recuperate their misfortune and built up their salary level same as the pre-recessional state. The UK based vehicle industry is required to build the creation level to 2 million vehicles continuously 2017. It will be the most significant level of yield in such industry during the most recent 10 years (Kpmg.com, 2015a). Besides, UK based car industry likewise shows that about 1,509,762 vehicles were built during the year 2013. Inside which 87,671 were produced for the business reason. The business additionally created just about 2,553,316 motors during the period (Kpmg.com, 2015b). The business recorded with an income age of  £59.3 billion during the year 2013-2014. The business is having diverse vehicle makers like the Bentley, Infiniti, London Taxi Company, Ford and Jaguar Land Rover (SMMT, 2015). These organizations are delivering various kinds of vehicles and extra parts for the neighborhood and universal requests. The business or the organizations can be advocated dependent on certain fragments like assembling, gracefully chain, economy, business condition and natural accreditations (SMMT, 2015). The UK car industry plots that there are almost seven standard vehicle organizations, seven business car makers and nine transport and mentor makers (Kpmg.com, 2015a). Moreover, it is likewise seen that premium and sports vehicles are picking up enthusiasm among the UK based car market and there are right around eight

Report Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 4

Report - Essay Example The resultant sign is directed into the fueled speaker. The job of the force speaker is to drive the amplifier. The circuit is structured to such an extent that the blender contains an increase that can be changed, contingent upon the attractive quality of the necessary volumes. Furthermore, there ought to be the remittance for the volume of one channel to be controlled independently from another. This upgrades the nature of sound as this empowers one to have balance between the two channels. In such manner, the introduced graph comprises of a lot of two sources of info; the discourse and music. For this situation, the discourse voltage controls the music voltage. The activity of the circuit venture just necessitates that the two signs are joined while the current ought to be changed in accordance with be satisfactory to make the speakers work adequately. It is expectable that in the situations where discourse signal is inadequate with regards to, the music voltage from the distincti on intensifier is about 1V. In the situations where the discourse signal is top, the voltage is relied upon to be at the base level, at around 0.17V. In such manner, blending the discourse and music intensifier makes the recompense to have the music volume by shifting the voltage of the discourse signal. All things being equal, the mixer’s yield doesn't have the force limit of driving the speakers. In such manner, it is expectable that when the plentifulness of the mixer’s input is raised by an addition of well more than 10 units, just as using the class B sort of intensifier with the goal that satisfactory current can be produced, the circuit would work effectively. The enhancer is associated with the speakers. About Power enhancers Conventionally, most force intensifiers utilize the yield stage, in the situations where a solitary transistor handles a portion of the waveform signs and this is whether or not the half is negative or positive. This activity is frequently named as the push-pull. Its productivity is verifiable, taking into account that lone negligible current streams when music signal is deficient. Moreover, this accompanies the suggestion that the smaller force gracefully might be the main most basic segment; consequently it cost-adequacy to the maker. For the client, the resultant speaker is generally little in size, productive and modest. The force speaker capacities to convey power, a result of burden current and voltage. Power= IV I ~ Current V ~ Voltage In the fundamental sense, a force speaker imparts a great deal of shared characteristics to the voltage enhancer. The main contrast between the two is that in the force intensifier, the opposition of the heap that is associated with the yield is moderately low, for example, an amplifier comprising of 7 ohms that triggers the progression of high current through the transistor’s gatherer. In thought to the high flows that move through the heaps, it is basic that the yield t ransistors that are applied in the enhancement of intensity ought to have high obstruction. There are two classifications of intensifiers that could be utilized; A-type and B-type speakers. The A-type speakers are those in which the yield current accept the inputs’ full cycle, making the remittance of the transistors to be forward-one-sided through the information cycles, without turning off. Coming up next is a concentrate of the chart for the A-type enhancer. Figure 1: A-type Amplifier On the other hand, the B-type intensifier is what is intended to improve the vitality of proficiency of the A-type speaker, guaranteeing for the decrease of the measure of warmth misfortune? Furthermore, its sign expect a half

Porter and Bogusky advertising

The transition to Crispin, Porter and Bogusky publicizing was perhaps the most astute move that Burger King CEO Brad Blum could have made. From already declining deals, Crispin promoting had the option to change all that through its out of the case publicizing efforts. Albeit at last Burger King deals went up, it didn't really imply that the market and the pundits were impressed.The following is a short conversation on most and least accommodating of these crusades and their effect on the potential market of Burger King. Crispin utilized a few buyer deals advancements things to help support the deals of Burger King. Out of those examined in the readings, the Coq Roq crusade was least useful. In spite of the fact that deals of Chicken Fries were solid, the utilization of a substantial metal band and too popularized excessively centered around the advancement of the band instead of the item it was attempting to sell.Worse, abbreviated the compass of the organization to just its present objective market and separated it from the remainder of its latent capacity showcase, by making their promoting excessively explicit to a specific market. Not at all like the Coq Roq crusade, the Have it your way battle was the most accommodating. It had the option to address the basic want of buyers of being caused to feel individual and unique. It demonstrated shoppers that their needs and needs started things out, and this was depicted by a particular TV ad of two men in an office dashing to make their own burger.In expansion, the online battle â€Å"subservient chicken,† which was associated with the have it your way crusade attracted more clients by utilizing verbal, or for this situation by imparting it to companions through email. By this sort of advancement, Crispin had the option to grow Burger Kings target showcase by the utilization of a crusade that was well disposed to a more extensive market. By this technique for promoting it achieved what the Coq Roq crusade couldn't, that is it permitted the picture of Burger King to be more â€Å"market friendly,† pulling in different portions of the market.

Abyssinian crisis 1935-1936 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Abyssinian emergency 1935-1936 - Essay Example Benito Mussolini, the extremist leader of Italy, had a dream for Italian Empire, like the Roman Empire, to control over the Mediterranean and to likewise deliver retribution of the Italian thrashing at the Battle of Adwa which occurred in Ethiopia on March 1, 1896. Mussolini vowed the Italian individuals a spot in the sun, as England and France who both had huge realms at the time had pilgrim assets. Ethiopia was a fundamental applicant of this expansionist aspiration for a few reasons. Following the scramble for Africa by the European settlers it was one of only a handful scarcely any staying autonomous African countries, and it would serve to consolidate the Italian-held Eritrea toward the north-west and Italian Somaliland toward the east. It was believed to be militarily helpless, and plentiful to resources.Britain's greatest advantage lay around Lake Tana and the headwaters of the Abay (Blue Nile). Italy's primary intrigue was in connecting Eritrea with Italian Somaliland. France 's advantage was the region to be crossed by the railroad from Addis Ababa to Djibouti in French Somaliland.France and different Europeans were very little worried at the idea of an Italian victory of part of Abyssinia, given that their own advantages were made sure about. In this manner Italy inevitably came out as a victor in the Abyssinian War with the significant goods with different nations having their insignificant offer in the pursuit.The Italo-Ethiopian Treaty of 1928 that drew up the limits between Italian Somaliland and Ethiopia expressed the outskirt was 21 alliances corresponding to the Benadir coast. The Italians re-deciphered this to mean 21 nautical alliances, as opposed to 21 standard classes, which at that point gave them more noteworthy domain. Following up on this, they manufactured a fortress at the Walwal desert garden in the Ogaden desert in 1930. In 1934 Ethiopian regional soldiers, alongside the Anglo-Ethiopian limit commission, questioned Italy's attack. The British individuals from the commission before long pulled back to maintain a strategic distance from a global occurrence. The strains brought about a conflict that left 150 Ethiopian and 50 Italians dead. The issue was the Abyssinia Crisis postponed at the League of Nations. The League of Nations pardoned both the warring gatherings in September 1935. Italy at that point began to fabricate its powers on the fringes of Ethiopia in Eritrea and Italian Somaliland. With a prominent assault, the Emperor Haile Selassie requested a general assembly. His newcomers comprised of around 500,000 men, a considerable lot of whom were equipped with primitive weapons, for example, lances and retires from. Others were outfitted with all the more new weapons, including rifles, however a considerable lot of these were from the late nineteenth century and as such were regularly outdated (Pankhurst, 605-608)1. Abyssinian Crisis 1935-1936: An Introduction The Second Italo-Abyssinian War was a short war between the Kingdom of Italy and Ethiopia in the mid 1930s. It brought about the control of Ethiopia into Italian East Africa. It brought about the Abyssinia Crisis at the League of Nations, which is regularly observed as an appearance of the inadequacy of the association. In 1935, Emperor Haile Selassie of Ethiopia while tending to the League of Nations assaulted the Italian intrusion. On October 3, 1935, Marshal Emilio De Bono moved into Ethiopia from Eritrea without revelation of War. He had 100,000 Italian officers and 25,000 Eritrean warriors under his order. A littler power, under the order of General Rodolfo Graziani, moved into Ethiopia from Italian Somaliland. By October 6, Adwa tumbled to De Bono's powers. By October 15, De Bono's powers proceeded onward to catch the capital of Axum. The involving Italians looted the Obelisk of Axum in the wake of adding the city. On October 7 despite the fact that the League of Nations pronounced Italy as the assailant anyway couldn't with viable approvals. The British and French drafted the Hoare-Laval Plan; it profoundly preferred the Italians, and was

Thesis Topic or Idea free essay sample

Consequently, instructive organizations are not urged to assist you with calculating the proposal procedure out. Dont hold up until you are done with your passing/thorough tests to Start considering thought for your postulation point. Utilize your alumni courses to seek after a potential point. Stalling in choosing a point can once in a while cause gridlock in your alumni profession. Without a point, you can't continue to composing or shielding the proposition stage; and all the more significantly, you can't start exploring or composing your postulation. ave gave 10 hints to assist you with creating proposition thoughts and begin advancing toward your objective of finishing your degree: 1 . Dont Panic † Keep Things in Perspective Lees face it, not very numerous individuals will peruse a bosses proposition. A postulation isn't the sort of record that arouses the overall populations curiosity principally in view of its scholarly thoroughness and composing style. The theme is by and large of intrigue just to the understudy, specialists in the field and the understudies counselor and board of trustees individuals. We will compose a custom exposition test on Proposal Topic or Idea or then again any comparable theme explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page 2.Be Organized † Maximize Your Research Efforts In request to amplify your examination endeavors, you should be sorted out and proficient in your inquiry endeavors. The more composed you are in the first place, the additional time you should compose your theory. Be determined about keeping rack of your documents in the early periods of your exploration to lessen your feelings of anxiety later on when your energy starts to wind down. In the event that you need to back track on your examination endeavors, being sorted out from the earliest starting point will help make the procedure less agonizing. 3.Choose a Subject Area First † Then a Topic for Your Thesis The more data you devour in your expansive branch of knowledge, the more examples will rise. In your coursework readings, you may see rehashed results and ends by more than one source, or realities that favor one view more than another. Focusing on these examples hould assist you with getting progressively familiar with the important writing just as help you to limit your core interest. Narrowing your theme ought to be finished with assistance from your consultant and board of trustees individuals. 4.Consider Expanding a Masters Thesis Into a Dissertation If youre progressing in the direction of a PhD and you composed a Masters proposal, consider developing that theme for your exposition. You as of now know about the point and a great part of the exploration is finished. This methodology can quicken your advancement towards your objective: Completion! 5. Ensure Your Thesis Topic Is Interesting It is basic that both you and your counsel are keen on your proposition opic. A few consultants are hesitant to propose points as a result of the certain obligations related with controlling an understudy through the procedure from start to completion.Your guides excitement for your theme will decide their ability to peruse, backing, finance, and give opportune criticism and heading to your work. 6. Pick a Solvable And Manageable Research Problem It is critical to choose a difficult that is limited enough that you can address it or tackle it in a sensible timeframe. You should choose a subject that can be finished inside a two-year time allotment. A more drawn out time period ould permit numerous surprising and contending occasions to happen. On the off chance that you end up investing an over the top measure of energy seeking after and distinguishing an exploration issue, it is conceivable that the issue isn't resolvable. With a more extended time period, you likewise risk another person distinguishing and taking care of the issue before you do. Henceforth, the idea of unique commitment to the field is lost and you may need to begin once again. In addition, you risk your excitement lessening. 7. The Research Problem Must Be Worthy Of Your Time Choosing a subject that is sufficiently convincing to continue further research is ritical.Employers assess potential workers dependent on the studenes capacity to complete the postulation as well as make future commitments to the field. 8. Make Your Research Topic Original-Has It Been Done Before? The essential for seeing another exploration point is as educated in light of the fact that most things have been concentrated previously. Keeping steady over the present discussions in your scholarly field sets you in a place to distinguish the holes in information. Subsequent to distinguishing the holes, all you have to make sense of is the thing that sorts Of data will fill these holes. 9. Sharpen Your Research Skills

Public Health Partnerships Essay - 1650 Words

Public Health Partnerships (Essay Sample) Content: Public Health PartnershipsName:Course:Tutor:InstitutionDate:Population health is improved by investment and other various determinants; this is due to the nature of resources. The resources tend to be limited and scarce. Improvement of public health does not just rely on medical care, or merely just public health but it also depends on the social environment, income jobs, the physical environment, our behavior and even to some extent genetics. There is no single person, not even the government, who holds the sole responsibility for all those determinants. So the involvement of partnerships in public health is more like a multi-sectorial solution. Partnerships play a vital role in reflecting the way that health is produced in a broad way. Partnerships may be required to either; come up with metrics of measuring a populations health outcome or bring into practice incentives that are financial or non-financial at either a community level or national level in order to sti mulate movements towards a populations health outcome (Fawcett, et al., 2010). This paper shall explain the different types of partnerships that health agencies can have and analyze two separate public health partnerships. Most populations at risk need public health partnerships; these serve as a form of collective action undertaken to promote health and prevent injury or diseases. A collective action is when organizations agree to coordinate activities in the pursuit of shared objectives. Organizations that are in partnership benefit through sharing of information and expertise human and material resources and intangible resources like trust and visibility. In some cases partnerships allow organizations to combine operations and realize economies of scope and scale in the production of public health services (Mays Scutchfield, 2010). At the same time it is possible to have coordinated delivery of related programs and services, these results in a larger combined impact on populati on health. In this way partnerships allow organizations to pursue objectives that may not be possible through independent actions. The type of partnership that health care givers go into depends partly on the size of the market and the position of the contributing organizations. For organizations that serve large segments of the community go into partnerships because they stand to gain large shares of any public goods that are produced through collective action. On the other hand small organizations stand the chance to achieve economies of scale through partnerships by providing public health activities collaboratively that would be unfeasible or inefficient to produce independently (Shortell, 2010). The main reason for organizations to pursue public health partnerships are; the desire to reach new target populations, expand the quality or quantity of services and/or influence high-priority health issues. In general the reasons are noneconomic. This noneconomic nature tends to attra ct together organizations that have closely compatible missions. This in turn results in a preponderance of government and nonprofit fit participants in many public health partnerships.The purpose of partnerships is to accomplish various health functions they may include but not limited to information exchange, planning and policy development and implementation of various programs and policies (Partnerships to improve community health: an interview with Professor David Kindig of MATCH, 2010). Partnerships are able to focus on information exchange through surveillance, epidemiologic investigation, needs assessment and research translation activities. Some examples of partnerships that have been made in order to offer information exchange include syndrome surveillance systems, sentinel provider networks for influenza and health registries such as those for monitoring cancer, vaccination and communicable diseases (Mays Scutchfield, 2010). Recently some communities have formed partners hips, they support exchange of electrical health information for clinical decision making as well as public health surveillance and research. The relationships among participants determine the quality of information generated through partnerships. Through policy development and planning partnerships are able to promote coordination and avoid duplication among organizations that would have otherwise worked independently. In most cases partnerships form as a result of community wide assessment and performance measurement processes that identify unmet needs and opportunities for coordination. This was seen in the National Association of County and City Health Officials mobilizing for Action through Planning and Partnerships program, or Centers for Disease Control and Preventions National Public Health Performance Standards program (Bailey, 2010). In some instances partnerships also take up the role of advocacy coalitions in developing and promoting policy proposals for common interest . Since partnerships can be termed as social networks formed among organizations and as such a substantial body of knowledge about social network plays a crucial role in elucidating these collaborations. Network coverage reflects the array of different players that contributes to the amount and type of organizational resources that may be contributed (Shortell, 2010). Network density can be termed as the amount of interconnectedness between organizations. This facilitates their capability of working together. Centrality of network reveals the relative influence of a particular organization within a partnership. This is important when it comes to coordinating and focusing collaborative actions. According to various research that have been carried out these constructs, influence partnership functioning, though their magnitudes and mechanism of effect in public health are greatly unknown (Woulfe et al., 2010; Fawcett, et al., 2010).In recent years according to research both the breadth of organizations contributing to public health activities and the scope of their participation have been on the rise. In a study of partnerships in US communities that involved at least 100,000 residents it was discovered that significant increases had occurred from 1998 to 2006 in the types of organizations that participate in public health activities as shown below (Bailey, 2010). The figure below shows prevalence of 7 public health partnership configurations between 1998 and 2006 the error bars show 95% confidence intervals. The seven configurations were identified through multivariate cluster analysis, each one distinguished by network breadth, centrality and density. Density represents the amount of interconnectedness between organizations; while centrality represents the relative influence of a single organization within a partnership; and Breadth represents the array of actors involved in the partnerships (Partnerships to improve community health: an interview with Professor David Kindig of MATCH, 2010). It came as no surprise that state and local government agencies were among the most frequent contributors to public health partnerships as seen in the figure above. On the other hand hospitals, physicians, community health centers, and universities significantly increased their participation over time.
From the figure its also evident that public health partnerships adhere to 1 of 7 distinct structural configurations based on density, centrality and network breadth. Of these seven three configurations support a broad and comprehensive scope of public health activities and one relies heavily on the work of government public health agencies while the other two delegate considerable responsibility to other partner organizations (Woulfe et al., 2010). At the same time two partnership configurations deliver an intermediate scope of public health activities and differ primarily in the centrality of the local public health agency in these activities. While th e last two configurations deliver a limited scope of public health activities and differ in both the centrality and density (Fawcett, et al., 2010). Partnerships freque...

Use Of Free Speech In Colleges - Free Essay Example

Over the past couple of years, issues regarding the use of free speech and expressing it has become move apparent around the country in colleges and universities. Most college students are considered snowflakes, which means that they have been and still are spoiled and coddled by their parents. These students tend to be easily offended by words and small insults, incapable of tolerating opinions that deviate away from some politically correct belief and unwilling to engage in strong passionate debates. This argument is frail and wrong in various ways, and can be offensive when considering the reality of students experiences today. While there is a substantial reason for concern about the severity of anxiety students undergo today, they are, typically, the least coddled generation of students ever. For instance, 34 percent of students at the University of Washington, are the first in their families to attend college and about a third of its in-state students come from families making less than $40,000 a year (Cauce). In addition, ethnic diversity among college students is higher than ever before. In contrast, college were once focused and meant for mainly upper-class white men, gender or class coeducation classrooms were not common in universities until the sixties or seventies. Students during those years hardly had their open-mindedness or views tested by difference, because their life was mostly confined within a homogeneous environment where there was not a need for students to deal with true socioeconomic diversity or diversity in general. Furthermore, for an average college student in this era, the pressure to succeed is high due to the cost of failure is much higher. Getting a C from a decent college will no longer automatically lead to a high-paying job in the financial sector. There is, without a doubt, some traditional perspectives when it comes to social values, besides students are not encouraged to openly express their thoughts in a manner that can be construed as stereotypical, homophobic or prejudice. In more recent years, that view has also regrettably transferred over directing conservative ideologies in general, which is an aspect society should strive to address. Moreover, institutions are typically the greatest place to witness a diverse environment ethnically, diplomatically, economically in which many attendees have or will soon encounter. They regularly live in a world of differences which was rare, if not unknown of, for college students in the past. Universities are by their very nature places for discussion and debate of controversial issues. These disputes are undeniably vital to the instructive experience and for growing citizens becoming prepared to participate in democracy. Students should be capable to evaluate a dispute and be prepared to rebuttal or negate. Critically analyzing an argument and the ability to reason for oneself is and ought to be the trademark of a higher-level education. The reason for a debate and research is to produce light, not just heat. Most individuals with an extensive variety of viewpoints visit schools and do just that. Even more common, students are revealed to numerous, conflicting perspectives on issues of present and enduring interest in class discussions, in books and articles, on class-related chat rooms and message boards, and in coffee shops and residence halls. Such passionate, reasoned debates where the goal is to win on the force of ideas, not by suppressing or drowning out opponents when there even are opponents (not everything has to be an argument) commonly occur. The polarization of recent years has made debates more difficult on topics that have become politicized, such as those related to race, gender or immigration status, but that is not a problem unique to college students. We have to look long and hard to find good examples of tough, incisive yet civil discourse across differences on such topics. Its certainly not something we often see on TV, in social media or in the national political arena. Given the broader social and political climate, it should come as no surprise then that students and members of our community can falter when they try to have healthy debates on some topics, whether inside or outside the classroom. Engagement in honest, direct dialogue across important differences is rare indeed, but its simply not fair to blame this generation of youth for the fact it seldom happens. Additionally, something often missed whenever theres coverage of a speech shouted down on campus is that those doing the shouting are often not students, faculty or staff members, but organized groups from outside the academy. Todays college students, like those of generations before them, have their own signature style born of their distinct experiences. They have grown up with a much greater appreciation for the real injury that sexism, racism, homophobia, transphobia and other forms of bigotry can inflict on others. They were taught, at home and in school, to not tolerate bullies and to report them to authorities. Some colleges have student conduct codes that explicitly prohibit abuse of others, including harassment, bullying and discrimination. Therefore, it is confusing to many students that speakers can come to campuses and engage in behaviors that students themselves would be disciplined for. There is a critical reason for including the right to free speech and expression in the very first amendment to our Constitution. It should be abundantly clear that, in recent years, some speakers come to campuses not seeking to discuss difficult topics but instead seeking to create a spectacle to advance their fame and agenda whether that is selling books or peddling a hateful ideology. Their rancorous approach, and usually their content as well, is clearly intended to provoke a reaction, not produce understanding. They seek to produce heat, not light. They are using colleges as their stages and setting us up as their foils. Indeed, being blocked from speaking is often seen by them as a victory in their efforts to portray themselves as free speech martyrs. Many of their followers try to silence others through doxing and other intimidation, with rarely a word of condemnation from the supposed heroes of free expression. Why are those who intentionally seek to generate heat, not light, allowed to speak at a university? Their messages often go against the very values of the institutions, and besides, what they have to say is readily available online. If it is a public university, the answer starts with the First Amendment and subsequent laws and court rulings. Collectively they establish that public institutions cannot discriminate based on the viewpoints expressed, no matter how repugnant. Reasonable time, manner and place restrictions and act to protect public safety can be established, but by law the school cannot do so based on the viewpoint of a speaker. However, it also goes beyond the legal obligation. Speech by people we persistently disagree with, and that is in fact hateful and repugnant, is the price people pay for democracy and to ensure their own freedom of speech. When the government is given the power to become the arbiter of what views are acceptable, then society has taken a step toward authoritarianism. There is no agreed-upon definition of what speech is hateful; Im reminded of the young man who stood in the heart of a campus with a sign saying Abortion Is a Hate Crime. As recently evidenced, some believe that the simple act of kneeling while the national anthem is played is a sign of disrespect for our country and should be banned. How does society progress and move forward? I dont pretend to have all the answers, but since I am a student it might not be surprising that the first thing, Id suggest is more education. Weve seen great emphasis on the STEM disciplines, and given their importance to our modern, technological economy, rightfully so but there has been too little emphasis placed on civic education. That leaves students and far, far too many in our society unable to answer basic questions like, What institutions must follow the First Amendment? and Why does it protect hate speech? STEM education is vital for a healthy economy. Comprehensive civics education is vital for a healthy democracy. Students need to understand their rights are worth protecting and to recognize the difference between speakers encouraging true discourse and those seeking self-promotion. Learning to recognize that difference starts with academic rigor. Faculty are trained to teach students how to investigate subjects with strong policies that question assumptions, rely on evidence, evaluate sources and equip students to assess the credibility of information and the person delivering it. Second, when there is a controversial speaker, we must find ways to add light to the discussion or, at the very least, not contribute to the heat. Shutting down speakers elevates their message and frees them from having their ideas scrutinized. Frankly, violence and mayhem only strengthen authoritarian movements. There are many, many ways to stand in opposition to a person you disagree with. As educators, we have a role in encouraging students to do so in such a way that rights are respected. To accomplish that goal, our communities can and should engage in counterprogramming, creating alternative events and gathering spaces, signaling to students that while everyone has the right to speak, our communities can come together in rejecting hateful messages. As leaders, we have the power of the bully pulpit to condemn offensive ideas even when we must also defend a speakers right to express them. What we must not do is stand silent the very reason we defend someone elses right to speak is because we must treasure and exercise our own. Educators have the opportunity to teach the next generation of leaders and citizens that more speech and more understanding are the tools with which to preserve and defend their rights.